BASIC C FUNCTIONS || USING BASIC FUNCTIONS IN C || FUNCTIONS OF C-PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

BASIC FUNCTIONS USED IN C-PROGRAMMING
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​C-language is basically procedural programming language which highly depends on its functions and its use. Inspite of being case sensitive, C provides us the use of its pre-defined functions according to user choices.
​
​These functions are pre-defined under their respective header files.
​
​Before those functions, you should know about the scan formats that are used to input/output to/through a specific datatype.
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​SCAN FORMAT          USED FOR
​
 %d                            Integer type (signed)
​%u                             Integer type(unsigned)
​%ld                            Long Integer type
​%c                              Char type(character by character)
​%s                              Char type(whole string at a time)
​%f                               Float type
​%lf                              Double type
​%Lf                             Long Double type
​
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​SOME OF THE BASIC FUNCTIONS ARE
​==============================
​
1.) ​printf()
​
​HEADER FILE : <stdio.h>
​
​WORK : Prints messages that it contains.
​
​GENERAL SYNTAX:-
​printf("<MESSAGE OR OUTPUT SCAN FORMATS>");
​
​EXAMPLE1:-
​           printf("MESSAGE");//outputs messages that are in-between the double inverted commas(" ")
​OUTPUT: MESSAGE
​
​EXAMPLE2:-
​             int a=10;//variable a of int type initialised to 10
​printf("a= %d",a);
​OUTPUT:- a= 10
​
​EXAMPLE3:-
​int a=10;
​printf("a= %d",a);
​OUTPUT:- 10
​
​EXAMPLE4:-
​char c[3]="RAM";
​printf(c);// here c is providing the base address of the variable
​OUTPUT:- RAM
​
​
​
​2.) scanf()
​
​HEADER FILE : <stdio.h>
​
​WORK :  Inputs data to the variable assigned.
​
​GENERAL SYNTAX:-
​           scanf("<scan format> ",&variable_name);//inputs data to variable
​
​EXAMPLE1:-
​scanf("%d",&a);
​
​EXAMPLE2:-
​char b[5];//b variable of char type that can store data upto 5 characters
​scanf("%c",&b);
​
​We can assign multiple scan formats too.
​EXAMPLE3:-
​int a;
​char b[10];
​float c;
​scanf("%d %c %f",&a,&b,&c);
​
​
​3.) clrscr()
​
​HEADER FILE : <conio.h>
​
​WORK :  Clears the contents that are on the OUTPUT screen.
​
​GENERAL SYNTAX:-
​           clrscr();
​
​EXAMPLE:-
​   clrscr();
​
​
​4.) getch()
​
​HEADER FILE : <conio.h>
​
​WORK :  Inputs the first keystroke from keyboard.
​
​GENERAL SYNTAX:-
​           getch();//returns ASCII value of the keystroke to the integer type variable
​
​EXAMPLE:-
​ int a=getch();
​printf("a= %d",a);
​​OUTPUT:- 49 (keystroke from keyboard is 1)
​
​
​5.) gotoxy()
​
​HEADER FILE : <conio.h>
​
​WORK :  Positions cursor as specified.
​
​GENERAL SYNTAX:-
​           gotoxy(int x-axis, int y-axis);//positions the cursor coordinates asked accordingly
​
​EXAMPLE:-
​ printf("ITK");
​gotoxy(20,10);
​printf("ITKNOWLEDGE");

​
​OUTPUT:-
​

​
​Many more functions are there that you will face later on this site.
​
​                                                          Regards,
​                                                          ITK
​
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